Water - Specific Heat vs. Temperature (2024)

Specific heat (C) is the amount of heat required to change the temperature ofa mass unit of a substance by one degree.

When calculating mass and volume flow in a water heating systems at higher temperature - the specific heat should be corrected according the figures and tables below.

The specific heat is given at varying temperatures (°C and °F) and at water saturation pressure (which for practical use, gives the same result as atmospheric pressure at temperatures < 100 °C (212°F)).

I sochoric specific heat (C_v ) for water in a constant-volume , (= isovolumetric or isometric ) closed system.
Isobaric specific heat (C_p ) for water in a constant pressure (ΔP = 0) system.

Online Water Specific Heat Calculator

The calculator below can be used to calculate the liquid water specific heat at constant volume or constant pressure and given temperatures.
The output specific heat is given as kJ/(kmol*K), kJ/(kg*K), kWh/(kg*K), kcal/(kg K), Btu(IT)/(mol*°R) and Btu(IT)/(lb_m *°R)

Note! Temperature must be within the ranges 0-370 °C, 32-700 °F, 273-645 K and 492-1160 °R to get valid values.

See Water and Heavy Water - thermodynamic properties.

See also other properties of Water at varying temperature and pressure : Boiling points at high pressure , Boiling points at vacuum pressure , Density and specific weight , Dynamic and kinematic viscosity , Enthalpy and entropy , Heat of vaporization , Ionization Constant, pK w , of normal and heavy water , Melting points at high pressure , Prandtl number , Properties at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Conditions , Saturation pressure , Specific gravity , Specific volume , Thermal conductivity , Thermal diffusivity and Vapour pressure at gas-liquid equilibrium ,
as well as Specific heat of Air - at Constant Pressure and Varying Temperature , Air - at Constant Temperature and Varying Pressure , Ammonia , Butane , Carbon dioxide , Carbon monoxide , Ethane , Ethanol , Ethylene , Hydrogen , Methane , Methanol , Nitrogen , Oxygen and Propane .

Specific heat for liquid water at temperatures from 0 to 360 °C:

For full table with Isobaric Specific Heat - rotate the screen!

Water - Specific Heat vs. Temperature
Temperature	Isochoric Specific Heat (C_v )				Isobaric Specific Heat (C_p )
[°C]	[J/(mol K)]	[kJ/(kg K)]	[kWh/(kg K)]	[kcal/(kg K)] [Btu(IT)/lb_m °F]	[J/(mol K)]	[kJ/(kg K)]	[kWh/(kg K)]	[kcal/(kg K)] [Btu(IT)/lb_m °F]
0.01	75.981	4.2174	0.001172	1.0073	76.026	4.2199	0.001172	1.0079
10	75.505	4.1910	0.001164	1.0010	75.586	4.1955	0.001165	1.0021
20	74.893	4.1570	0.001155	0.9929	75.386	4.1844	0.001162	0.9994
25	74.548	4.1379	0.001149	0.9883	75.336	4.1816	0.001162	0.9988
30	74.181	4.1175	0.001144	0.9834	75.309	4.1801	0.001161	0.9984
40	73.392	4.0737	0.001132	0.9730	75.300	4.1796	0.001161	0.9983
50	72.540	4.0264	0.001118	0.9617	75.334	4.1815	0.001162	0.9987
60	71.644	3.9767	0.001105	0.9498	75.399	4.1851	0.001163	0.9996
70	70.716	3.9252	0.001090	0.9375	75.491	4.1902	0.001164	1.0008
80	69.774	3.8729	0.001076	0.9250	75.611	4.1969	0.001166	1.0024
90	68.828	3.8204	0.001061	0.9125	75.763	4.2053	0.001168	1.0044
100	67.888	3.7682	0.001047	0.9000	75.950	4.2157	0.001171	1.0069
110	66.960	3.7167	0.001032	0.8877	76.177	4.2283	0.001175	1.0099
120	66.050	3.6662	0.001018	0.8757	76.451	4.2435	0.001179	1.0135
140	64.306	3.5694	0.000992	0.8525	77.155	4.2826	0.001190	1.0229
160	62.674	3.4788	0.000966	0.8309	78.107	4.3354	0.001204	1.0355
180	61.163	3.3949	0.000943	0.8109	79.360	4.4050	0.001224	1.0521
200	59.775	3.3179	0.000922	0.7925	80.996	4.4958	0.001249	1.0738
220	58.514	3.2479	0.000902	0.7757	83.137	4.6146	0.001282	1.1022
240	57.381	3.1850	0.000885	0.7607	85.971	4.7719	0.001326	1.1397
260	56.392	3.1301	0.000869	0.7476	89.821	4.9856	0.001385	1.1908
280	55.578	3.0849	0.000857	0.7368	95.285	5.2889	0.001469	1.2632
300	55.003	3.0530	0.000848	0.7292	103.60	5.7504	0.001597	1.3735
320	54.819	3.0428	0.000845	0.7268	117.78	6.5373	0.001816	1.5614
340	55.455	3.0781	0.000855	0.7352	147.88	8.2080	0.002280	1.9604
360	59.402	3.2972	0.000916	0.7875	270.31	15.004	0.004168	3.5836

Specific heat for liquid water at temperatures from 32 to 675 °F:

For full table with Isobaric Specific Heat - rotate the screen!

Water - Specific Heat vs. Temperature
Temperature	Isochoric Specific Heat (C_v )			Isobaric Specific Heat (C_p )
[°F]	[Btu(IT)/(mol °R)]	[Btu(IT)/(lb_m °F)] [kcal/(kg K)]	[kJ/(kg K)]	[Btu(IT)/kmol °R]	[Btu(IT)/lb_m °F] [kcal/kg K]	[kJ/kg K]
32.2	40.0	1.007	4.217	40.032	1.008	4.220
40	39.9	1.005	4.208	39.916	1.005	4.208
50	39.8	1.001	4.191	39.801	1.002	4.196
60	39.6	0.996	4.169	39.739	1.001	4.189
80	39.2	0.986	4.128	39.660	0.999	4.181
100	38.7	0.975	4.082	39.643	0.998	4.179
120	38.3	0.963	4.033	39.662	0.999	4.181
140	37.7	0.950	3.977	39.702	1.000	4.185
160	37.2	0.937	3.923	39.761	1.001	4.191
180	36.7	0.923	3.865	39.835	1.003	4.199
200	36.1	0.909	3.805	39.927	1.005	4.209
212	35.7	0.900	3.768	39.993	1.007	4.216
220	35.5	0.895	3.745	40.042	1.008	4.221
240	35.0	0.880	3.686	40.186	1.012	4.236
260	34.4	0.867	3.629	40.364	1.016	4.255
280	33.9	0.854	3.574	40.580	1.022	4.278
300	33.4	0.841	3.522	40.838	1.028	4.305
350	32.3	0.813	3.404	41.685	1.050	4.394
400	31.3	0.789	3.302	42.902	1.080	4.522
450	30.4	0.767	3.209	44.009	1.108	4.639
500	29.7	0.748	3.130	47.296	1.191	4.986
550	28.8	0.725	3.035	51.318	1.292	5.410
600	28.3	0.713	2.987	59.690	1.503	6.292
625	28.4	0.716	2.997	66.611	1.677	7.022
650	28.9	0.728	3.047	82.851	2.086	8.734
675	29.9	0.754	3.156	126.670	3.189	13.353

Ammonia - Specific Heat vs. Temperature and Pressure

Online calculator, figures and tables showing specific heat, C_P and C_V, of gasous and liquid ammonia at temperatures ranging from -73 to 425°C (-100 to 800°F) at pressure ranging from 1 to 100 bara (14.5 - 1450 psia) - SI and Imperial Units.

Butane - Specific Heat vs. Temperature and Pressure

Online calculators, figures and tables showing specific heat, Cp and Cv, of gasous and liquid butane, C₄H₁₀, at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.

Compressed Water - Properties vs. Temperature

Specific volume, enthalpy and entropy of compressed water.

Ethanol - Specific Heat vs. Temperature and Pressure

Online calculators, figures and tables showing specific heat , Cp and Cv, of gasous and liquid ethanol at temperatures ranging from -25 to 325 °C (-10 to 620 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.

Gases Solved in Water - Diffusion Coefficients

Diffusion flux [kg/m²s] tells how fast a substanse solved in another substance flows due to concentration gradients. Diffusion constants [m²/s] for several gases in water.

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The amount of heat required to change the temperature of a substance by one degree.

Heavy Water - Thermophysical Properties

Thermodynamic properties of heavy water (D2O) like density, melting temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of fusion, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more.

Ice and Water - Melting Points vs. Pressure

Online calculator, figures and tables with melting points of ice to water at pressures ranging from 0 to 29000 psia (0 to 2000 bara). Temperature given as °C, °F, K and °R.

Liquids and Fluids - Specific Heats

Specific heats for some common liquids and fluids - acetone, oil, paraffin, water and many more.

Properties of Saturated Steam - SI Units

Saturated Steam Table with steam properties as specific volume, density, specific enthalpy and specific entropy.

Specific Heat - Online Unit Converter

Online specific heat converter with the most commonly used units.

Specific Heat of common Substances

Specific heat of products like wet mud, granite, sandy clay, quartz sand and more.

Water - Boiling Points at Vacuum Pressure

Online calculator, figures and tables giving the boiling temperatures of water in varying vacuum, SI and Imperial units.

Water - Density, Specific Weight and Thermal Expansion Coefficients

Definitions, online calculator and figures and tables with water properties like density, specific weight and thermal expansion coefficient of liquid water at temperatures ranging 0 to 360°C (32 to 680°F).

Water - Dynamic (Absolute) and Kinematic Viscosity vs. Temperature and Pressure

Free online calculator - figures and tables with viscosity of water at temperatures ranging 0 to 360°C (32 to 675°F) - Imperial and SI Units.

Water - Enthalpy and Entropy vs. Temperature

Figures and tables showing the enthalpy and entropy of liquid water as function of temperature - SI and Imperial Units.

Water - Heat of Vaporization vs. Temperature

Online calculator, figures and tables showing heat of vaporization of water, at temperatures from 0 - 370 °C (32 - 700 °F) - SI and Imperial units.

Water - Ionization Constant, pKw, of Normal and Heavy Water

Ionization constant (= dissociation constant = self-ionization constant = ion product = autoprotolysis constant ) of water and heavy water, given as function of temperature (°C and °F) in figures and tables.

Water - Properties at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Conditions

Figures and tables showing how the properties of water changes along the boiling/condensation curve (vapor pressure, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat, Prandtl number, thermal diffusivity, entropy and enthalpy).

Water - Saturation Pressure vs. Temperature

Online calculator, figures and tables with water saturation (vapor) pressure at temperatures ranging 0 to 370 °C (32 to 700°F) - in Imperial and SI Units.

Water - Specific Gravity vs. Temperature

Figures and tables showing specific gravity of liquid water in the range of 32 to 700 °F or 0 to 370°C, using water density at four different temperatures as reference.

Water - Specific Volume vs. Temperature

Online calculator, figures and tables showing Specific Volume of water at temperatures ranging from 0-370 °C and 32 - 700 °F - Imperial and IS Units.

Water - Thermal Conductivity vs. Temperature

Figures and tables showing thermal conductivity of water (liquid and gas phase) with varying temperature and pressure, SI and Imperial units.

Water - Thermal Diffusivity vs. Temperature and Pressure

Figures and tables with thermal diffusivity of liquids and gaseous water at varying temperarures and pressures - SI and Imperial units.

Water - Thermophysical Properties

Thermal properties of water at different temperatures like density, freezing temperature, boiling temperature, latent heat of melting, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more.

Water Vapor - Specific Heat vs. Temperature

Specific heat of Water Vapor - H2O - at temperatures ranging 175 - 6000 K.

Water vs. Steam - Critical and Triple Points

Critical point is where vapor and liquid are indistinguishable and triple point is where ice, water and vapor coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.