Is it smart to just invest in ETFs?
ETFs make a great pick for many investors who are starting out as well as for those who simply don't want to do all the legwork required to own individual stocks. Though it's possible to find the big winners among individual stocks, you have strong odds of doing well consistently with ETFs.
ETFs offer advantages over stocks in two situations. First, when the return from stocks in the sector has a narrow dispersion around the mean, an ETF might be the best choice. Second, if you are unable to gain an advantage through knowledge of the company, an ETF is your best choice.
For instance, some ETFs may come with fees, others might stray from the value of the underlying asset, ETFs are not always optimized for taxes, and of course — like any investment — ETFs also come with risk.
You expose your portfolio to much higher risk with sector ETFs, so you should use them sparingly, but investing 5% to 10% of your total portfolio assets may be appropriate. If you want to be highly conservative, don't use these at all.
Low Liquidity
If an ETF is thinly traded, there can be problems getting out of the investment, depending on the size of your position relative to the average trading volume. The biggest sign of an illiquid investment is large spreads between the bid and the ask.
SPY, VOO and IVV are among the most popular S&P 500 ETFs. These three S&P 500 ETFs are quite similar, but may sometimes diverge in terms of costs or daily returns. Investors generally only need one S&P 500 ETF.
Meanwhile, if you only invest in S&P 500 ETFs, you won't beat the broad market. Rather, you can expect your portfolio's performance to be in line with that of the broad market. But that's not necessarily a bad thing. See, over the past 50 years, the S&P 500 has delivered an average annual 10% return.
Theoretically, for exotic ETFs, yes — but as a practical matter highly unlikely. And for broad market ETFs that track something like the S&P 500 Index the probability of going to zero is, well, about zero. Every stock in the index would have to go to zero.
Investing in ETFs is the better choice if you want to diversify your holdings to reduce risk. Perhaps you're not interested in poring through company quarterly reports and investing newsletters and would rather have someone else pick and manage your holdings.
If Vanguard ever did go bankrupt, the funds would not be affected and would simply hire another firm to provide these services.
How long should you stay invested in ETF?
Hold ETFs throughout your working life. Hold ETFs as long as you can, give compound interest time to work for you. Sell ETFs to fund your retirement. Don't sell ETFs during a market crash.
The choice comes down to what you value most. If you prefer the flexibility of trading intraday and favor lower expense ratios in most instances, go with ETFs. If you worry about the impact of commissions and spreads, go with mutual funds.
Similarly, you should consider holding those ETFs with gains past their first anniversary to take advantage of the lower long-term capital gains tax rates. ETFs that invest in currencies, metals, and futures do not follow the general tax rules.
The low investment threshold for most ETFs makes it easy for a beginner to implement a basic asset allocation strategy that matches their investment time horizon and risk tolerance. For example, young investors might be 100% invested in equity ETFs when they are in their 20s.
- ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF (BITO)
- Invesco QQQ Trust (QQQ)
- Vanguard Information Technology ETF (VGT)
- VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH)
- Invesco S&P MidCap Momentum ETF (XMMO)
- SPDR S&P Homebuilders ETF (XHB)
- Invesco S&P 500 GARP ETF (SPGP)
| Symbol | Name | 5-Year Return |
|---|---|---|
| QQQ | Invesco QQQ Trust Series I | 18.25% |
| IGM | iShares Expanded Tech Sector ETF | 18.06% |
| IWY | iShares Russell Top 200 Growth ETF | 17.93% |
| SCHG | Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF | 17.29% |
According to our calculations, a $1000 investment made in February 2014 would be worth $5,971.20, or a gain of 497.12%, as of February 5, 2024, and this return excludes dividends but includes price increases. Compare this to the S&P 500's rally of 178.17% and gold's return of 55.50% over the same time frame.
In 1980, had you invested a mere $1,000 in what went on to become the top-performing stock of S&P 500, then you would be sitting on a cool $1.2 million today.
Experts agree that for most personal investors, a portfolio comprising 5 to 10 ETFs is perfect in terms of diversification. But the number of ETFs is not what you should be looking at.
Assuming an average annual return rate of about 10% (a typical historical average), a $10,000 investment in the S&P 500 could potentially grow to approximately $25,937 over 10 years.
Why don t people invest in S&P 500?
Perhaps the biggest downside of an S&P 500 index fund is that it can only earn average returns. This type of investment is designed to follow the market, so it's simply not possible for it to beat the market. For many people, lower returns are a worthwhile trade-off for the ease and simplicity of an S&P 500 index fund.
| Symbol | Name | 10 Year Total Returns (As of March 31, 2024) |
|---|---|---|
| PSI | Invesco Semiconductors ETF | 765.02% |
| XSD | SPDR® S&P Semiconductor ETF | 610.79% |
| XLK | Technology Select Sector SPDR® ETF | 554.92% |
| IYW | iShares US Technology ETF | 542.45% |
Visit your My NerdWallet Settings page to see all the writers you're following. RDIV and SPYD have some of the highest yields of any high-dividend ETF. It's possible to live off the income from high-dividend ETFs, but it may take some planning.
Summary. ETFs are not less safe than other types of investments, like stocks or bonds. In many ways, ETFs are actually safer, for instance thanks to their inherent diversification. And by choosing the right mix of ETFs, you can control the market risk to match your needs.
ETFs. Investment funds are a strategic option during a recession because they have built-in diversification, minimizing volatility compared to individual stocks. However, the fees can get expensive for certain types of actively managed funds.
